AJRCCM Masthead

Editor

ANDREW BUSH, M.D.
London, United Kingdom

YORK E. MILLER, M.D.
Denver, CO

SALLY E. WENZEL, M.D.
Pittsburgh, PA

Associate Editors

STEVEN H. ABMAN, M.D.
Denver, CO

M. SAFWAN BADR, M.D.
Detroit, MI

T. DOUGLAS BRADLEY, M.D.
Toronto, ON, Canada

DAVID B. CORRY, M.D.
Houston, TX

LEONARDO M. FABBRI, M.D.
Modena, Italy

AKITOSHI ISHIZAKA, M.D., Ph.D.
Toyko, Japan

FRANÇOIS LEMAIRE, M.D. Creteil, France

WILLIAM MacNEE, M.D., M.B. Ch.B.
Edinburgh, United Kingdom

THOMAS R. MARTIN, M.D. Seattle, WA

FERNANDO J. MARTINEZ, M.D.
Ann Arbor, MI

BENOIT NEMERY, M.D., Ph.D.
Leuven, Belgium

IAN D. PAVORD, M.D.
Leicester, United Kingdom

STEPHEN PETERS, M.D., Ph.D.
Winston Salem, NC

FELIX RATJEN , M.D.
Toronto, ON, Canada

GORDON D. RUBENFELD, M.D., M.Sc.
Seattle, WA

WING WAI YEW, M.B.
Hong Kong, China

ATS Documents Editor
Holger J. Schünemann, M.D., Ph.D.
Rome, Italy

Peer Review Office
ATS Peer Review Office
Edward Abraham, M.D., Editor
American Journal of
Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
61 Broadway
New York, NY 10006-2755
Tel: (212) 315-8625
Fax: (212) 315-8613

Manager, Peer Review
Karin Beehler

Peer Review Supervisor
Marc Bendian

Peer Review Technical Support Supervisor
Fay Ling

Editorial Production Office
ATS Editorial Office
61 Broadway
New York, NY 10006-2755
Tel: (212) 315-6440
Fax: (212) 315-6455
Internet: http://www.thoracic.org

Managing Editor
Christina Shepherd

Editorial/Production Manager
Eric Gumpert

ALVAR AGUSTÍ, M.D.
Palma de Mallorca, Spain

KOICHIRO ASANO, M.D.
Tokyo, Japan

ROBERT BAUGHMAN, M.D.
Cincinnati, Ohio

ELISABETH H.D. BEL, M.D., Ph.D.
Leiden, The Netherlands

RINALDO BELLOMO, M.B. B.S. (Hons), M.D.
Heidelberg, Australia

BRUCE BENDER, Ph.D.
Denver, CO

ANDRES BLOMBERG, M.D., Ph.D.
Umeå, Sweden

LAURENT BROCHARD, M.D.
Creteil, France

ROY BROWER, M.D.
Baltimore, MD

CHRISTIAN BRUN-BUISSON, M.D.
Creteil, France

BERT BRUNEKREEF, Ph.D.
Utrecht, The Netherlands

VITO BRUSASCO, M.D.
Genoa, Italy

WILLIAM BURMAN, M.D.
Denver, CO

PETER M. CALVERLEY, M.D.
Liverpool, United Kingdom

RICHARD CASABURI, Ph.D., M.D.
Torrance, CA

JUAN CELEDÓN, M.D., Dr.P.H.
Boston, MA

LAUREN E. COHN, M.D.
New Haven, CT

GERARD CRINER, M.D.
Philadelphia, PA

BRUCE H. CULVER, M.D.
Seattle, WA

STEVE CUNNINGHAM, M.D., Ph.D.
Edinburgh, Scotland

CHARLES L. DALEY, M.D.
Denver, CO

MARC DECRAMER, M.D., Ph.D.
Leuven, Belgium

DAWN DeMEO, M.D., M.P.H.
Boston, MA

RATKO DJUKANOVIC, M.D., D.M.
Southampton, United Kingdom

JEFFREY DRAZEN, M.D.
Boston, MA

MARK D. EISNER, M.D., M.P.H.
San Francisco, CA

MARC ESTENNE, M.D.
Brussels, Belgium

JOHN FAHY, M.D.
San Francisco, CA

KEVIN FLAHERTY, M.D.
Ann Arbor, MI

BENJAMIN M. GASTON, M.D.
Charlottesville, VA

ALLAN GLANVILLE, M.D., M.B. B.S.
Sydney, Australia

DAVID GOZAL, M.D.
Louisville, KY

BERTRAND GUIDET, M.D.
Paris, France

NEIL A. HALPERN, M.D.
New York, NY

MARIUS M. HOEPER, M.D.
Hannover, Germany

RICHARD L. HORNER, Ph.D.
Toronto, ON, Canada

MARC HUMBERT, M.D., Ph.D.
Clamart, France

MASAKAZU ICHINOSE, M.D., Ph.D.
Wakayama, Japan

STEVEN IDELL, M.D., Ph.D.
Tyler, TX

CHARLES IRVIN, Ph.D.
Burlington, VT

MARITTA JAAKKOLA, M.D., D.Sc.
Birmingham, United Kingdom

ADAM JAFFE, M.D.
London, United Kingdom

JAMES JETT, M.D.
Rochester, MN

ALAN JOBE, M.D., Ph.D.
Cincinnati, OH

GUY JOOS, Ph.D.
Ghent, Belgium

JOEL KAUFMAN, M.D., M.P.H.
Seattle, WA

BRIAN P. KAVANAGH, M.B.
Toronto, ON, Canada

MICHAEL P. KEANE, M.D.
Los Angeles, CA

CHI CHIU LEUNG, M.B., F.C.C.P.
Hong Kong, China

GERALDO LORENZI-FILHO, M.D., Ph.D.
São Paulo, Brazil

MAURIZIO LUISETTI , M.D.
Pavia, Italy

ATUL MALHOTRA, M.D.
Chestnut Hill, MA

FRANÇOIS MALTAIS, M.D..
Québec, PQ, Canada

DAVID MANNINO, M.D.
Atlanta, GA

PIERRE P. MASSION, M.D.
Nashville, TN

THAIS MAUAD, M.D., Ph.D.
São Paulo, Brazil

DICK MENZIES, M.D.
Montreal, PQ, Canada

MARY J. MORRELL, Ph.D.
London, United Kingdom

ATSUSHI NAGAI, M.D.
Tokyo, Japan

MATTHEW NAUGHTON, M.D.
Prahan, Victoria, Australia

DENNIS E. NIEWOEHNER, M.D.
Minneapolis, MN

TOSHIHIRO NUKIWA, M.D., Ph.D.
Sendai, Japan

RICHARD J. O'BRIEN, M.D.
Geneva, Switzerland

PAUL O'BYRNE, M.B.
Hamilton, ON, Canada

TORU OGA, Ph.D, M.D.
Kyoto, Japan

STEVEN OPAL, M.D.
Providence, RI

PAOLO PALANGE, M.D.
Rome, Italy

ALBERTO PAPI, M.D.
Ferrara, Italy

POLLY PARSONS, M.D.
Burlington, VT

JAMES PATON, M.D., M.B. Ch.B.
Edinburgh, United Kingdom

ANDREW PEACOCK, M.D.
Glasgow, United Kingdom

DIRJKE POSTMA, M.D., Ph.D.
Groningen, The Netherlands

CHARLES POWELL, M.D.
New York, NY

KLAUS F. RABE, M.D., Ph.D.
Leiden, The Netherlands

SARATH C. RANGANATHAN, PH.D.
London, United Kingdom

JOHN T. REILLY, M.D.
Boston, MA

RANDALL REVES, M.D.
Denver, CO

JEAN-DAMIEN RICARD, M.D., Ph.D.
Colombes, France

LUCA RICHELDI, M.D., Ph.D.
Modena, Italy

THOMAS H. ROBERTSON, M.D.
Seattle, WA

ISABELLE ROMIEU, M.D., Dr.Sc.
Morelos, Mexico

BRUCE K. RUBIN, M.D.
Winston-Salem, NC

MARINA SAETTA, M.D.
Padua, Italy

JONATHAN M. SAMET, M.D.
Baltimore, MD

RICHARD V. SCHULZ, M.D.
Giessen, Germany

JOEL SCHWARTZ, Ph.D.
Boston, MA

WERNER SEEGER, M.D.
Giessen, Germany

STEPHANIE SHORE, Ph.D.
Boston, MA

DONALD D. SIN, M.D.
Edmonton, AB, Canada

SABURO SONE, M.D.
Tokushima, Japan

RONALD L. SORKNESS, Ph.D., R.Ph.
Madison, WI

ROGER SPRAGG, M.D.
San Diego, CA

PETER STERK, M.D., Ph.D.
Leiden, The Netherlands

JACOB I. SZNAJDER, M.D.
Chicago, IL

SUSAN TARLO, M.B. B.S.
Toronto, ON, Canada

ANNE TATTERSFIELD, M.D.
Nottingham, United Kingdom

TAYLOR THOMPSON, M.D.
Boston, MA

THIERRY TROOSTERS, P.T., Ph.D.
Leuven, Belgium

JØRGEN VESTBO, M.D., Ph.D.
Manchester, United Kingdom

PETER D. WAGNER, M.D.
La Jolla, CA

COLIN WALLIS, M.D.
London, United Kingdom

LORRAINE B. WARE, M.D,
Nashville, TN

JADWIGA A. WEDZICHA, M.D.
London, United Kingdom

ATHOL WELLS, M.D.
London, United Kingdom

EMIEL WOUTERS, M.D., Ph.D.
Maastricht, The Netherlands

MARK WURFEL, M.D. Ph.D.
Seattle, WA

ROGER D. YUSEN, M.D., M.P.H., F.C.C.P.
St. Louis, MO

JAN-PAUL ZOCK, Ph.D.
Barcelona, Spain

The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (ISSN 1073-449X) is published by the American Thoracic Society in two volumes and is issued semi-monthly. A volume includes 12 issues and begins with the January and July issues. The AJRCCM is an official journal of the American Thoracic Society. The contents of the AJRCCM are included in Index Medicus, Current Contents/Life Sciences®, Current Contents/Critical Care Medicine®, Current Contents/Life Sciences on Diskette®, Medlars®, Medline®, Radline, CABS, and IPA.

Published at 61 Broadway, New York, NY 10006-2755 by the American Thoracic Society. Periodicals postage paid at New York, NY and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to AJRCCM, 61 Broadway, New York, NY 10006-2755.

Permission to photocopy for internal or personal use or the internal or personal use of specific clients is granted by the AJRCCM for libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), provided that the base fee of $2.00 per copy of the article is paid directly to CCC, 21 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970. Special requests should be addressed to the AJRCCM, Attn: Christina Shepherd, Managing Editor, 61 Broadway, New York, NY 10006-2755.