Name of questionnaire | Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) |
Type of original questionnaire-description, age/population |
Self-rated scale to assess individual phase of entrainment on work and work-free days, developed in ages 6 to > 65 years; tool to collect primary sleep times, such as bed- and rise-times, plus the clock time of becoming fully awake as well as sleep latency and inertia, in addition to other time points and rate themselves as one of the seven chronotypes. The MCTQ uses the midpoint between sleep on- and offset on free days (mid-sleep on free days, MSF) to assess chronotype. |
Number of items | 17 |
Number of domains & categories | 4 |
Name of categories/domains | work schedule, work day sleep schedule, free day sleep schedule, self-assessment of chronotype. |
Scaling of items |
Addresses questions about: bedtime, time spent in bed awake before deciding to turn off the lights, how long it takes to fall asleep, wake up time, get up time on work and work-free days. 0-6 on some of the items in the original questionnaire (extreme early to extreme late chronotype). |
Scoring available: with permission or free | See website. |
Scoring test-retest reliability | Not available |
Scoring Internal consistency | Not available |
Validity | Yes, sleep logs; objective measures of activity and rest (sleep-logs and actimetry), and physiological parameters (DLMO, cortisol); correlates with Horne-Ostberg’s Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Association with wrist actigraphy. |
Available forms (short and/or long etc.) | MCTQ, MCTQshift, short form: µMCTQ |
Language | German |
Translations in other languages (if yes, then list the languages) |
English, Dutch, French, Brazilian, Spanish, Korean, Japanese, Chinese, Turkish, Persian Contact author for details. |
Developer(s) name | Dr Till Roenneberg, et al. |
Developer contact information for permission |
Institut für Medizinische Psychologie E-Mail: till.roenneberg@med.uni-muenchen.de Fax: 0049-(0)89-2180-75616 |
Availability of questionnaire: needs permission from developer, cost or freely available | Use with permission |
Limitations | Test-retest reliability not published; MCTQ calculations rely on structured work schedules. |
Link to the questionnaire (if available) | https://thewep.org/documentations/mctq |
Other comments |
Shift workers were excluded in MCTQ; completed between March and June in Germany and Switzerland. Separate MCTQShift developed for shift workers. Questionnaire adapted for children available online at developer’s website. |
Patient populations in who questionnaire has been validated | Korean adults, shift workers, Japanese adults, patients with insomnia symptoms. |
References (including original publication, validity and reliability in different countries/languages, populations and long/short versions) |
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Updated by | Iris A. Perez, MD |
The last date of update | April 2023 |